Newspaper correspondents in the Winter War, 1939-40
For the record, here’s a list of all the foreign correspondents in Finland over the course of the Winter War, together with their country of origin and the Media Organisation(s) they worked for. The Year shown is their Date of Birth as per Finnish Records. After the list, we’ll take a deeper dive into a few of these correspondents (only a few, not all, I promise…), their backgrounds and their reporting over the course of the Winter War (but be warned, some of the Winter War stuff will be “ATL-ized” – but not all of it).
Some of these reporters are still remembered, others who were “names” in their day are not, some of them were incredibly good writers but as most never wrote books, or if they did they’re long out of print, they’ve been forgotten. In the next couple of Posts, I’ll endeavour to bring some of these men and women back to life. For the record, this list is historically accurate and everyone listed was in fact a correspondent in Finland over the course of the real Winter War. Virginia Cowles, Martha Gellhorn, John Langdon-Davies and one or two others recorded their experiences in books and I’ll be using these here and there as “quotes” and sources. There’s also some very good background to many of these reporters in Paul Preston’s outstanding book about the war reporters in the Spanish Civil War – “We Saw Spain Die: Foreign Correspondents in the Spanish Civil War.” I recommend this book highly if you want to dig some more into the War Correspondents of this period – Preston gives a pretty good idea of what many of them got up to after the Spanish Civil War and some of them are fascinating indeed – Martha Gellhorn being a prime example. I’d also recommend watching “Hemingway and Gellhorn” when it comes out on DVD – it does have footage of Martha Gellhorn (played by Nicole Kidman) reporting from the Winter War. (For the extended trailer, see
American
Beattie, Edward William: 1909, United Press (UP)
Bloch, Curt, New York Times Picture Service (Pressens Bild)
Bonney, Mabel Therese: 1897, Free lancer, Finnish Gov.,
Bradley, David John: 1915, Lee Syndicate, Wisconsin State Journal
Burdett, Winston: 1913, Brooklyn Eagle
Calcraft Eric: News Paper Enterprise (photographer)
Cowles, Virginia: 1910, London Sunday Times, North American Newspaper Alliance
Day, Donald Setterlee: 1895, Chicago Tribune
Denny, Harold: 1889, The New York Times
Deuel, Norman B.: 1908, United Press (UP)
Doherty, Edward: 1890, Liberty Magazine (author)
Elliston, Herbert Berridge: 1895, Christian Science Monitor
Forte, Ralph E.: 1906, United Press (UP)
Gellhorn, Martha: 1908, Colliers Weekly
Harrelson, Max: 1906, Associated Press (AP)
Hartrich, Edwin Eugene: 1912, Colombia Broadcasting Co (CBC)
Hawkins, Thomas Fay: 1908, Associated Press (AP)
Heinzerling, Lynn Lenis: 1906, Associated Press (AP)
Irwin, Warren Edward: 1896, National Broadcasting Co (NBC)
Kerr, Walter B.: 1911, New York Herald Tribune
Lodge, Joseph N.: 1899, Associated Press (AP)
Low, Robert: 1911, Liberty Magazine
Menken, Arthur:1903, Paramount (cameraman)
Miller, Webb: 1891, United Press (UP)
Moller, Grogers Antoine: New York Times, Politiken
Muto, Frank: 1908, International News Photos, Hoover Finnish Relief Committee
Mydans, Carl Mayer: 1907, Life Magazine
Powell, Bonney: 1903, Fox (film director)
Schulman, Samuel: 1906, International News Photos
Stevens, Edmund W.: 1910, Christian Science Monitor, National Broadcasting Co (NBC)
Stowe, Leland: 1899, Chicago Daily News
Sullivan, Neil: 1897, RKO movies
Terret, Courtney: 1903, International News Service (INS)
Tolischus, Otto D.: New York Times
Wason, Betty (Elisabeth): 1912, Transradio Press Service, Indianapolis Star
Werner, ("Wade") Oscar Emil: 1893, Associated Press (AP)
Wertenbaker, Charles: 1901, Time
White, William Lindsay: 1900, Columbia Broadcasting Systems (CBS)
Australian
Aldridge, Harold Edward James, 1918, Australian Newspaper Service, assisting Daily Express
Belgian
de Becker, Raymond Jean Charles: 1912, L'ouest
Despeigne, Odette: 1913, Red Cross
Van Ermengen, Frans: 1893, La Nation Belge,
Gazet, van Antwerpen: Le XXe Siecle
Huysmans, Marthe Camille: Le Peuple and 4 other Belgian Soc. Dem. newspapers
de Moreau, Chevalier Jean: 1906, Vers l'Avenir a Namur
de Pret, Roose:
de Calesberg, Claudine Marie: 1901, La Metropole
Estonian
Kures. Woldemar: 1893, Uus Eesti
Raud, Mart: 1903, Päeväleht, Briva Zeme
Vellner, Harald: 1893, Päeväleht
Woitk, Evald: 1907, Rahvaleht
Tamm, Uno: 1912: Estonian News Agency
British
Beck, Herbert: 1885, Reuter, Daily Telegraph, News Chronicle
Black, Walter: Daily Express
Busvine, Richard Ernst: 1904, Reuter, Chicago Times
Csato, Tibor: 1906, Daily Telegraph (doctor)
Dancy, Eric Burton: 1901, News Chronicle
Donegell, Lord Edward: 1903, Sunday Dispatch, Daily Mail
Forrest, William Francis: 1902, News Chronicle
De Gallienne, Owen: 1900, London Illustrated, New York Times, (artist)
Garratt Geoffrey, T.: 1888, Manchester Guardian
Gourlie, Norah Dunclas: 1895, Glasgow Herald
Goulding, Edward: 1909, (newspaper editor)
Hartin, William Francis: 1900, Daily Mail
Hewins, Ralph: 1909, Daily Mail
Langdon-Davies, John: 1897, Evening Standard
Malleson, Constance: 1897, Manchester Guardian, Time and Tide
Marchant, Hilde: 1915, Daily Express
Morgan, Vernon Eversfield: 1904, Reuter
O'Brien-Hitching, Alphonsos James: 1913, The British Press Combile (photographer)
O'Brien-Hitching, Madelaine: 1916,
Romilly, Giles Samuel: 1916, Daily Express
Steer, George: 1909, Daily Telegraph
Sullivan, Barry S.: 1915,
Tighe, Desmond: 1906, Reuter
Urch, Reginald Oliver Gilling: 1884, The Times
Ward, Edward Henry Harold: 1905, British Broadcasting Co (BBC)
Young, Gordon Fussel: 1905, Reuter
Dutch
Birnbaum, Immanuel: De Telegraaf
Broersma, Sjoerd: 1908, Algemeen Handelsblad,Arbeiderspers,Katholieke Pers
Haakma, Siebren: 1917, Rotterdammer,Friesch Dagblad
Hazelhoff-Roelfzema, Erik:1917, Rotterdamsch Niewsblad, Dordrechts, Nieuwsblad, Haagse Courant
Hermans, Hubert: 1908, Residentiebode Den Haag
van Heuven-Goedhart, Gerritt Jan: 1901, De Grote Provinciale Dagbladen
v. Niftrik, Nora: 918, De Telegraaf
Werumeus-Buning, Johan Wilhelm: 891, De Telegraaf
Italian
Appelius, Mario: 1892, Stefani,Il Popolo d'Italia
Artieri, Giovanni: 1904, La Stampa (Dr. Pol. Sc.)
Bellotti, Felice: 1909, La Stampa
Beretta, Cesare: 1912, Il Popolo dTtalia, Giornale d'Italia Gazzetta del Popolo
Bonscossa, Cesare: 1914, Gazzetta dello Sport
Gamisa, Attila: 1911, Gazzetta dello Sport
Caputo, Massimo: 1899, Gazzetta del Popolo
Dall'Ongaro, Carlo: 1887, Giornale d'Italia, Il Piccolo, La Voce d'Italia
Faroni, Cesare: Il Popolo dItalia
Mantovani, Vittorio: 1902, Fox-Movietone
Montanelli, Indro: 1909, Corriera, della Sera
Rivelli, Cesare: 1906, Gazzetta del Popolo
Zingarelli, Italo: 1891, La Stampa di Torino
Japanese
Adachi, Tsurutaro: 1906, Domei
Kitano, Kichiano: 1892, The Asahi Newspapers
Jugoslav
Stefanovic, Milutin: 1902, Vreme de Belgrad
Canadian
Halton, Matthew: Toronto Star
Pyper, Charles Bothwell: 1885, The Evening Telegram
Greek
Doganis, Theodore: 1905, Vradyni Ateena
Latvian
Baltkajis, Viktors Rits: 1908, Briva Zeme
Kagis, Irikis (Henri): 1902, Janaukas Zinas
Kalninš, Bruno: 1899, Lietuvos Zinios
New Zealand
Cox, Geoffrey Sandford: 1910, Daily Express
Norwegian
Aas, Oddvar: 1910, Arbeiderbladet, Arbeidernes Pressbyrå (Socialdemokraten)
Bellisön, Thorolf Magne:1909, Nordisk Presse Syndikat
Berset, Odd: 1913, Dagbladet, Sunmöörsposten, Bergene Tidning
Bjertnaes, Erik K.: 1916, Morgenposten
Borge-Asserud, Rolf: 1919, Fremtiden, Arbeidernes Pressekontor
Bödel, Sigurd: 1909, Dagen (missionary)
Böhn, Leif: 1909, Aftenposten
Fangen, Ronald: (Tidens Tegn) (author)
Fasmer, Hans Berent: 1875, Tidens Tegn, Bergens Tidende (industrialist)
Gjesdal, Tor: 1909, Arbeiderbladet, Soc.dem. Pressbyrå (Stockholm)
Hammer, Ruth: 1907, (photographer and lecturer)
Juve, Jorgen: Tidens Tegn
Kandahl, Torolv: 1899, Aftenposten
Mangs, Frank: 1897, (pastor)
Meinich-Bache, Abel Leo: 1915, Morgenposten,Dagsposten,Drammens Tidende
Munsterhjelm, Ida: F. 1889, Aftenposten,Stockholms-Tidningen ym.
Schübeler, Ludwig Christian: 1890, (mission vicar)
Sinding-Larson, Henning: Aftenposten
Svenneby, Arne:1913, Nationen, Ragnarök
Wyller, Anders P.: 1903, Tidens Tegn (professor)
Portuguese
de Freitas, Amadeu: 1904, Seculo
Polish
Berson, Jan Ottmar: 1903, Agence Telegraphique Polonnaise à Paris (PAT)
French
du Bief, Felix Andre: 1897, Le Matin
de Coquet, James: 1898, Le Figaro
Coulond, Lucien Marie: Le Journal, Gringoire
Danjou, Henri: 1897, Paris Soir
Foucault, Andre :1880, Candide
du Guerny, Yves Chassin: 1904, Havas, Le Temps
Hamre, Louis: 1892, Le Journal
Kessel, Georges: 1904, Match, Paris Soir
Rieffel, Robert: 1913, Havas
Valery, Bernard: 1914, Paris Soir, Paris Midi, Match
Zucca, Andre: 1897, Match (photographer)
Rumanian
Marinescu, Cezar: 1897, Rador
Swedish
(Albihn-)Dassel, Karin: 1912, Veckojournalen (photographer)
Almstedt, Gunnar: 1903, Västmanlands Länstidning ym.
Alving, Barbro: 1909, Dagens Nyheter (pen name Bang)
Andersson, Kurt: 1907, Social-Demokraten
Attorps, Karl Gösta Bruno: Svenska Dagbladet (Ph.D., author)
Aurén, Sven Anders G.: Nya Dagligt Allehanda, (pen name Griggs)
Axelsson, Georg: 1898, New York Times
Axelsson, Ingvar: 1904, Nya Dagligt Allehanda
Backlund, Sven: 1889, Representantive for Swed. Soc.Dem. newspapers in Geneva and Paris
Bardack, Sven Herman: 1895, Paramount (cameraman)
Beer, Allan: 1916, Stockholms-Tidningen
Björnberg, Signe: 1896: Ahlen & Åkerlund och Veckopressen (author)
Boge, Gustaf Adolf Alexander: 1891, A.B. Svensk Filmindustri
Braathen, Alma: 1906, Dagens Nyheter
Byström, Dan: Aftonbladet
Carlsson, Folke: Pressens Bild A.B.
Eidmark. Henry: 1897, Folket i Bild (photographer)
Ekman, Olof: Europa-Filmen
Elgström, Anna-Lenah: 1884, Veckojournalen (author)
Enblom, Anders: 1908, Dagens Nyheter, Stockholms läns och Södertälje Tidning
Enström, Hans Emil: Bergelagsposten (photographer)
Ericson, Erik Olof Gillis: Göteborgsposten, 16 provincial newspapers
Ericsson, John Gunnar: 1910, Östersundsposten
Flood, Per Olof: Arme och Marinfilm, Stockholm
Floodqvist, Hans Joachim: 1912, Ahlen & Åkerlund (photographer)
Fors-Bergström, Einar: 1891, Svenska Dagbladet, working for the Finn. Gov.
Forsberg, Sven: Dagens Nyheter (photographer)
Frösell, Gunnar: 1899, Aftonbladet
Grönwall, Olof Richard Alexis: 1914, Aftonbladet
Gullera, Karl Werner: 1916, Se, Black Star (New York)
Gunnarsson, Gunnar: 1907, Dagens Nyheter
Göth, Stig Arne: Rotogravyr (?)
Hammar, Karl Anders: 1903, Paramount
Hansson, Sven Edward: 1905, Sydsvenska Dagbladet, Göteborgsposten
Hedström, Karl Olof Hilding: 1901, Stockholms-Tidningen
Hillgren, K. Erik: Idrottsbladet, Sport och Kultur, G.H.T.
Holmqvist, Nils Gustav: 1909, Text och Bilder
Holmström, Arne: 1912, Frihet
Horney, Nils: Social-Demokraten
Jennes, Elly Maria: 1907
Jerring, Sven Alfred: 1895, Sveriges Radio
Jäder, Astrid Charlotta: 1896, Svenska Morgonbladet
Kellgren, Nils: 1915, Stockholms Extrablad (M.A.)
Kjell, Ture: 1901, Tidningarnas Telegrambyrå (TT)
Kristofferson, Karl Gustav: 1918, Se, Associated Press (AP) (photographer)
Larson, Elsie: 1919, Stockholms-Tidningen
Landin, Sven: 1915, Ny Dag
Lilliehöök, Gustav Malcolm: 1884, radio commentator for the Swed. army
Lindgren, Emil Gustav Wilhelm: 1900, Norbottens Kurir
Ljungström, Astrid Hulda Viola: 1905, Svenska Dagbladet
Lundberg, Gunnar Oscar: 1900, Representantive for Swed. Soc. Dem. News Agency
Lunden, Gustaf: 1882, Elfsborgsläns Annonsblad (railway functionary)
Malmström, Erik: Dagens Nyheter
Melander, Paul: 1902, Se (photographer)
Meyerhöffer, Per-Axel: 1912, Text och Bilder (photographer)
Müllern, Gunnar: 1904, Aftonbladet
Nilsson-Tanner, Per: Östersundsposten
Nordemar, Olof Harry: 1914, GM. Filmo, Finland-Film
Nordh, Joel-Bernhard: Folket i Bild
Nycop, Carl-Adam: 1909, Se
Ollen, David: 1891, Svenska Dagbladet
Ollen, Olof: 1912, Svenska Morgonbladet
Olsson, Erik Hilbert: 1915, Förbundskamraten, H.S.B., Lärarinneförbundet, L.O.
Onne, Bertil: 1914, Social-Demokraten
Palme, Einar: Nya Dagligt Allehanda (cartoonist)
Palme, Knut Gustaf A.: (artist)
Pekonen, Aili: 1907, Stockholms-Tidningen
Persson Per 1916, Svenska Dagbladet
Persson-Rommerud (Sid Roland) 1915, Länstidningen (Östersund), Nya Norrland, Social-Demokraten, Västerbottens Folkblad
Petterson, Otto Bertil: Svenska Morgonbladet
Saastamoinen, Armas: North Sweden newspapers
Santensson, Maj: Husmodern
Selander, Sten Nils Edvard: Svenska Dagbladet (author)
Skjöld, Carl Hilding: 1899, Filmo, Folkrörelsernas Filmorganisation
Skoglund, Gunnar: 1899, A.B. Svensk Filmindustri
Stenbeck, Gustaf Folke: 1893, Director of Swedish Advertisers, Chief propagandist of Sw. volunteers
Stolpe, Sven: 1905, Tidens Tegn, Politiken, Svenska Morgonbladet, Veckojournalen ym., (Ph.D., author)
Stomberg, Sten: 1911, Svenska Dagbladet
Svalander, Agne: 1905, Frisksport, Göteborgsposten, Stockholms-Tidningen (pen name Windmark)
Svedlund, Gylfe: 1887, Stockholms-Tidningen, Fritzes Bokförlag
Söderberg, Sten: 1908, Nya Dagligt Allehanda
Söderlund, Oscar: 1892, Stockholms-Tidningen
Tegner, Torsten: Idrottsbladet
Thyllin, Henning: Östgöten
Thylin, Karl J.: 1898, (newspaper editor)
af Trolle, Elsa: 1886, Veckojournalen
Wennberg, Elin Birgitta: 1909, Aftonbladet
Wermelin, Per Gösta: 1909, Se
Wickbom, Tord Gustaf: Nya Dagligt Allehanda (M.A.)
Viksten, Isak: 1889, Nordens Frihet, Finlands-kommitten (author)
Wilhelmsson, Yngve: 1903, Göteborgs Morgonpost
Wiren, Ingeborg: Eskilstuna Kuriren
Wästberg, Erik: Veckojournalen
Örke, Nils: Stockholms-Tidningen
German
Borgmann Friedrich Wilhelm: 1897, Deutsche Wehr, Marine Rundschau, Wir und Welt
Boveri, Margret Antonie: 1900, Frankfurter Zeitung
Ege, Friedrich: 1899, Die Tat
Gramlich, Bernhard Jakob: 1909, Berliner Börsenzeitung, Europapress, Transozean
Haasemann, Hans: 1898, Nationalzeitung, Preussische Zeitung, Niedersächsische Tagezeitung,
Pressezentraldienst Berlin (Ph.D.)
Klingeberg, Werner: 1910, Deutsche Nachrichtenbureau (DNB). (physical educ. teacher, technical advisor of the International Olympic Committee)
Koester, Hans: 1912, Transozean, Europapress ym.
Roth, Franz: 1911, Associated Press (AP) (photographer)
Schönebeck, Axel: 1914, Münchener Neueste Nachrichte, Hamburger Fremdenblatt, Wstdeutscher Beobachter, Danziger Vorposten
v. Uexkull, erbert Gustaf (Gösta) Adolf:1909, ited Press (UP)
v. Zwehl,Otto:1894, Dutsche Nachrichtenbureau (DNB), German legation)
Swiss
Budry, Claude: Mission des Lieux de Geneve (photographer)
Debran, Isabella: 1875, Tribune de Geneve, Radio Fenille d'aira de Neuchatel
Hagenbuch, Hermann: (pen name Diviko) 1903, National-Zeitung (Red Cross specialist)
Karcevski, Serge: 1885, Dernières Nouvelles
Lindt, August Rudolf: 1905, Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Züricher Illustrierte
Lodygensky, Wladimir: 1917, Service de Presse anticommunistique
Mehlem, Max: 1901, Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Sport
Stauffer, Erwin Oscar: 1912, Berg & Heimat Film
Unger, Frida: 1899, Schweizer Illustrierte Zeitung
Unger, Hans: 1894, Journal de Geneve, Weltwoche
Werner, Paul: 1910, Die Weltwoche, Tribune de Geneve, St. Gallen Tageblatt
Zbinden, Carl: 1910, Peka-Film
Danish
Bast, Jorgen: 1894, Berlingske Tidende Boisen. Ingolf 1909, Minerva Film A/S
Börresen, Ingolf: 1912, Politiken (photographer)
Christensen, Johannes Theodor Christen: 1914, Minerva Film A/S
Christensen, Tage: 1903, Politiken
Christensen, Rich: Berlingske Tidende
Dührkop, Johannes: 1903, Jyllandsposten, Berlingske Tidende (painter)
Eskelund, Karl Johannes: 1918, Politiken, Exchange Telegraph
(Galling-),Ernst Paul: 1882
Gudme, Peter (de Hemmer): 1903, Nationaltidende
Hansen, (Vagn) Agne: 1914, Berlingske Tidende (photographer)
Hansen, Ernst Henry: Politiken (painter)
Hansen-Kvolsgaard, Hans: 1918, Den danske konservative provinspresse
Helweg, Halvdan: 1884
Hjeltholt Gunnar, Fyns Tidende
Holbech, Kai Gersdorff: 1901, Berlingske Tidende (photographer)
Irgens-Hansen, Svend: 1911, Skive Folkeblad
Juul, Ole Valdemar: 1918, Holbeks Amts Avis, Jydske Tidende
Kjelstrup, Olof T.: 1907, Berlingske Tidende (photographer)
Lunning, Ester: 1905, Aftonbladet
Moltke-Huitfeldt, Leon Nicolas Henri: 1899, Röda Kors Tidskrift, Das Neue Tagebuch
Munck, Ebbe Hans: 1905, Berlingske Tidende
Månsson, Walther: 1901, Berlingske Tidende (photographer)
Nielsen, Ove Carl: 1895, Socialdemokraten
Nielsen, Hakon: 1902, Billed-Bladet, Bilder, Se, Illustrated (photographer)
Nörgaard, Arne: 1903, Fyns Tidende
Ott-Knox. Saith Estrid: 1900, Politiken, Ryefelt Wichmann
Schwarz, Walter: 1891, Politiken
Wilquin, Svend: 1907, Dansk Film Co, Universal Pictures, Polygoon
Zeltner, Knud Valdemar:
Hungarian
Andor, Leon Andreas: 1900, So'raj Ujsag, Intantia Press
Demaitre, Edmond Peter: 1906, Petit Parisien
Hortobagyi, Jänö: 1906, So'raj Ujsag
Kreutzer, Sandor: Hung. and Swed. papers
Laszlo, Berthold: 1882, Hung. papers
Lengyel, Janos: 1919, Magyar Hemzet, Pesti Hirlap (sports editor)
Lovacsy, Peter: 1915, Magyar Hemzet (forestry student)
Lovass, Janos (Jean): 1904, Uj Magyarsag, Pesti Ujsag
Nyiregyhazi, Theodor: 1916, Hung. papers
Racz, Stefan Paul: 1908, Nepszava
Simonyi, Mihaly: 1914, Uj Magyarsag, Esti Ujsag
Russian (emigré)
Karcevski, Serge: 1886, Nernieres Nouvelles (professor)
Monossohn-Schwarz, Salomon: 1883, Socialdemokraten, Populaire, Courrier Socialiste
Wartanoff, Boris: 1909. Je suis partout, Civilisation et Bolchevisme, Courrier de Geneve
Zenzinoff, Wladimir: 1890. Le Temps, La Nouvelle Russie
Newspaper attachés
Enesen, Mikael: Bulgarian legation (Rador)
Granberg, Gunnar (Dr): Swedish legation
Joly, Pierre: French legation (Havas)
Kenney, Kit: British legation
Kulai, Sandor: Hungarian legation (Esti Ujsag)
Metzger, Hans (Dr): German legation (DNB)
van den Pol, Nic: Dutch legation
Thomas, David: British legation
Viralt, Eric: Hungarian legation (Esti Kurir, Lloyd)
Finnish correspondents for foreign newspapers
Alfthan, Bertil von: Chicago Tribune, The Times (assisting R. G. Urch)
Angervo, V. August: Raivaaja, New York in Uutiset, Industrialisti, Päivälehti
fa*ger, Oswald: Faedrelandet
Fock, Eric:
Hällsten, Runar: Nord-Press
Itkonen, Veikko: Picture Post
Lavonius, Kari: Havas (in Rovaniemi)
Leppä, Åke: Lincoln, Carl Richard: International News Service (INS)
Mårtensson, Gunnar: Nya Dagligt Allehanda
Nyman, Carl: Daily Herald
Oranen, Lars Albin: Twentsch, Dagblad, Tubantia
Salminen, Sally: Husmodern (in Rovaniemi)
Sevelius, Sven: Svenska Morgonbladet
Sjöblom, Paul: Associated Press (AP)
Söderhjelm, Martin: Havas
As you can see, quite a few of them, from a wide range of different countries.
Next: A deeper dive into a few of these correspondents in no particular order[/b]
